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H. BRUNS.

LOOK

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Patented Sept. 27

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2 Sheets-Sheet' 2 H. BRUNS.

LOOK,-

I Ens cm, Pwrrro'umo WASH NSYON n c Patented Sept. 27, 1892.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

l-IINRICH BRUNS, OF BREMERHAVEN, GERMANY.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 483,298, datedSeptember 2'7, 1892.

Application filed August 15, 1891.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LHINRIOH BRUNS, a subject of the Emperor of Germany,residing at Bremerhaven, Germany, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Locks; and I do declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

My invention relates to improvements in looks, and has for its object toconstruct a lock which will require no spring to move the latch of thebolt in either direction, by which improved manner of operating saidparts will simplify the mechanism composing the lock and greatly add tothe efficiency and positive action of the lock, lessen the liability ofthe lock to get out of working order, and increase its durability.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing objects and such others as mayhereinafter appear the invention will be now particularly described, andthen specifically defined by the claims, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

Figure l is a side view of the lock with one side of its casing removed;Fig. 2, a crosssection on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, both sides of thecasing being in place. Fig. 3 is a crosssection similar to Fig. 2 on theline 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective of the latch; Fig. 5,a detail perspective of the bolt; Fig. 6, a perspective of the slottedthimble and its attached plates; Fig. 7, a perspective of theactuating-eccentric; Fig. 8, a perspective of the bracket, and Fig. 9 aperspective of one form of key.

In the drawings the letter A designates the latch, which is formed witha recess or slot B to receive a guide pin or stud O, which may be castintegral with the face-plate D or otherwise formed. This latch is formednear its rear end with a notch or recess E to receive the tooth orfinger F, attached to or formed as a part of the sleeve or collar G,which receives the knob-spindle I-I, so that by turning the knob in onedirection the latch can be drawn back to unlatch or unfasten the latch.

Instead of having only one recess E, thelatch Serial No. 402,728. (Nomodel.)

may be formed with a second one on the opposite side, as illustrated, sothat the latchcau be reversed and made to serve either a right orlefthand lock. The latchis keptin the other position, that is--itsprojected position-by the pressure of a weighted lever or finger I,which bears against the end of the latch, so as to keep it normallyprojected, and at the same time yielding to pressure of the latchagainst it, whether caused by turning the knob-spindle so as to forcethe latch back or by pressure of the nose of the latch against itskeeper, as in closing a door. The very moment, however, that thepressure is lessened, so that it is less than the weight of the lever,the latter will press the latch forward and cause it to be projectedinto its engaging position. This action is consequently accomplishedwithout the employment of a spring of any form and insures a morepositive action of the parts without liability of getting out of repair,besides reducing the number of parts employed and simplifying thegeneral construction.

I prefer to attach the lever by mounting it loosely, so that it willturn upon a pivot J. The lever may be weighted by an increase of itsmetal, as illustrated at K, which may be of any desired shape and weightto suit the conditions under which it is to be used. It is preferred toso proportion the lever that it will at all times exert a constantpressure against the latch, thereby holding the latch in its looking orlatching position by a constant and yet at the same time a yieldingpressure. This is aided by having the guide stud or pin 0 so locatedthat the latch will be stopped before the lever has exhausted its ower.A proper proportion and arrangement of the parts for such action isillustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings; butl do not mean to confinemyself thereto.

The bolt L of the lock is actuated by an eccentric, which is moved inboth directions through the instrumentality of a key M. This eccentricmay be of any desired shape or construction that will serve the purpose;but the preferred construction is that illustrated, which consists of aplate or disk N, having a curved groove or slot 0, which is eccentric tothe axis P of rotation of the plate or disk. Into this groove or slotfits a projection on the rear or heel end of the bolt,

so that as the eccentric is turned in one direction or the other thebolt is thrown out or in to lock or unlock, as desired. I prefer to havethe heel of the bolt formed of a pivoted member Q, which fits into aslot or kerf R, formed in the body of the bolt, and pivotally securedtherein by a pin S. This pivoted member or block is formed with theprojection referred to, which maybe in a flange or rib T, correspondingto the shape of the slot in the eccentric plate or disk. When the partsare so constructed and applied, the pivoted member or block will conformto the throw of the eccentric and the bolt will be shot out and in withcase without binding at any point, the bolt being guided in itsmovements by the guide lugs or flanges U, which may be cast integralwith the lockcase or otherwise formed.

I have illustrated two eccentric plates or disks N, one placed above theother and bot-h constructed alike, the pivoted member of the bolt havinga projection or flange for the slot of each. This arrangement ispreferred, as the power is then applied on both sides of the bolt; but Ido not confine myself thereto, as one of them may be omitted.

The eccentrics are held in place by means of a hollow thimble V, whichis formed with a longitudinal slot at, so that the key M may pass downthrough the thimble and engage the eccentric to turn the same. The keywill be constructed to engage with each eccentric employed, so as toturn all of them, and the key for each lock may be constructed differentfrom every other look, so that each lock .can be'operated only by itsown key. I have illustrated only one form; but it is to be understoodthat the forms may be numerous.

A bracket W extends from a stud or bearing-block, which may be castintegral with the lock-casing or be otherwise formed and have thebracket secured byscrews or otherwise thereto. This bracket serves as abrace and guide for the thimbleVand for the washers, plates, or disks X,secured to turn with the thimble and the eccentrics. The bracket W iscut at points where the bolt will be in its locked and unlockedpositions to correspond to the shape of the web of the key, so that thekey may be inserted and Withdrawn at those points, but not at otherpoints, the webs of the key at such other points fitting above and belowthe bracket, so that it cannot be withdrawn. I have described with somedegree of minuteness such details; but I do not wish to be understood asconfining myself thereto.

Under the construction described it will be seen that the bolt isoperated by means of an eccentric which pushes the bolt forward anddraws it backward, and the action is direct and positive, insuringdirectness of action with the smallest number of parts.

The construction and arrangements of parts illustrated are considered tobe the best for the objects in view; but they may be varied the form of7 ward by the movement of in details, as is obvious, without departingfrom the spirit of my invention.

The several parts will be held in place by the two sides of thelock-casing, which may be of any approved construction to serve thepurpose.

By permitting the thimble V to turn and carry the plates or disks X theregister between the openings in the plates and the bracket-may bedestroyed by simply turning one of said parts so as to take the openingsout of register, and in that way a key is prevented from being insertedand the lock cannot be picked. partially inserting or withdrawing thekey and causing the web thereof to press laterally against the thimblesufficiently to turn it.

Having described my invention and set forth its merits, what I claimis- 1. A look having a reversible latch formed on its top and bottomfaces with a notch E,a gravity-lever having one end bearing directlyagainst the rear end of the latch to thrust it forward and formed with arecess to receive a knob-spindle and collar thereon, and theknob-spindle fitting in said recess and provided with a collar having afinger to fit in the notch of the latch and bear against the latch, saidspindle and collar being located below said latch, substantially as andfor the purposes described.

2. A look having a bolt, a pivoted member secured thereto, and aneccentric to which the pivoted member is connected, whereby the bolt isthrust forward and drawn backstantially as set forth.

3. A look having a bolt formed with a projection on opposite sidesthereof and an eccentric lying on each side of the bolt, having a wayinto which the projection on each side of the bolt fits, whereby saidbolt is moved in opposite directions by said eccentric, substan tiallyas set forth.

4. In a lock, the combination of the bolt having a projection thereon,an eccentric havin a th: bolt and eccentric are moved together, abracket, a slotted thimble passing through said bracket, and a key topass through said thimble and engage the eccentric to turn the same toshift the bolt, substantially as set forth.

5. A look having plates or disks formed with openings for the passage ofa key and a movable sleeve connected with some of said plates or disksto turn the same and destroy the register to prevent the passage of akey, whereby the lock is prevented from being picked, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

IIIN RICH BRUN S. Witnesses:

EWELL A. DICK, WM. G. HENDERSON.

Way to receive said projection,whereby The thimble can be turned by '7said eccentric, sub-

